Frequently asked questions about asylum seekers and refugees
Who is an asylum seeker?
A person who has left his or her country of origin and formally applied for asylum in the UK. How many asylum seekers are in the UK? Asylum applications to the UK have remained at a similar level since 2004. In 2009 just over 30,000 people applied for asylum in the UK, including dependents. This is 2 per cent less than in 2008. Click here to download the latest UN statistical information. What makes asylum seekers come to the UK?
Most asylum seekers leave their country of origin without knowing their destination and have no choice about the country they claim asylum in. Their primary objective is to reach a place of safety.
Where do they come from?
In 2009, most asylum seekers came from Zimbabwe, Iran, Eritrea, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka and China.
Who is a refugee?
Someone whose application for asylum has been successful and who is allowed to stay in the country. Under the terms of the 1951 Refugee Convention, refugee status should be granted to anyone who cannot return to his or her country because of a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, or membership of a particular social group or political opinion.
Since 2005, people recognised as refugees are only given permission to stay in the UK for five years.
Who is an "illegal" or "bogus" asylum seeker?
There is no such thing. Under international law, anyone has the right to apply for asylum in the UK and to remain here until the authorities have assessed his or her claim.
Who is a "failed" asylum seeker?
A person whose asylum application has failed and has no other protection claim awaiting a decision.
Is it easy to get asylum in the UK?
No. In 2009, the Home Office decided that 72% of initial applications for asylum were "unfounded". Decision-making remains poor. 28% of asylum appeals decided in 2009 resulted in Home Office decisions being overturned.
What happens when an application for asylum fails?
Some refused asylum seekers voluntarily return home, others are forcibly returned. For some, it is not safe or practical to return until conditions in their country change but, unless there are exceptional circumstances, they are denied access to benefits and housing and are denied the right to work.
What benefits do asylum seekers receive?
A single adult asylum seeker receives £36.62 a week, which is significantly less than income support.
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About Asylum